History
Guangdong was originally occupied by non-Han ethnic groups, and was first incorporated into the Chinese Empire in 222 BC, when Qin Shi Huang, the first emperor of the Qin dynasty, conquered the area along the Xijiang River and Beijiang River valleys down to the Zhujiang River Delta. In 111 BC Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty extended rule as far as to Hainan Island. During the five centuries of the Sui, Tang, and Northern Song dynasties from AD 581 to 1126,  the military and agricultural settlement of Guangdong, coupled with increasing overseas trade through Guangzhou port, led to an increase in migration into Guangdong, and to the rise of Guangzhou as a metropolis with a population of hundreds of thousands. Two major southward thrust of the Han Chinese took place, one in 1126, when Jurchens captured the Song capital, the other in 1279, when Mongols subdued Song dynasty. These migrations marked the beginning of the rapid cultural development of Guangdong. The population grew so fast that by the late 17 century, Guangdong had already become an area from which emigration took place. Migrants from Guangdong moved first to Guangxi, Sichuan and Taiwan and then in mid-19th century began to pour into Southeast Asia and North America.
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Climate
Guangdong features tropical and sub-tropical climates. The average July temperature is little different from temperature on the lower reaches of the Yangtze River and on the Yellow River, but the average January temperature is considerably higher, ranging from 13°to 16°C. The whole province almost lies within the area where two crops of rice can be grown a year.
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Population
Guangdong is the third largest province of China in terms of its population. According to the sampling survey done in 2002, the population of permanent residents in Guangdong Province was 78,585,800 with an annual growth rate of 0.97%, accounting for 6.12% of the whole country and continually ranking the third in China. The average population density is 442 persons per square kilometer.
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Transport
Railways: There are four railway companies in the province. Major railways running through the province include the lines of Beijing--Kowlong, Beijing-Guangzhou, Guangzhou-Meixian-Shantou and Sanshui-Maoming.
Highways: A total of 84,563 km of highways is in service, including 70,413 km of graded highways.
Waterways: There are more than 100 ports, including the Huangpu Port, Zhanjiang Port, Shekou Port and Chiwan Port.
Airports: The province has eight civil aerodromes. Its Baiyun Airport is one of the three major international airports in China that have the largest passenger handling capacities. There are 23 domestic flight routes and five international flight routes in service.
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Quick Fact 
Location: South China

Area: 179,766sq.km.

Capital: Guangzhou

History: 2200 years

Population: 86.42 million
Weather: Warm and Humid
GDP: 930.199 billion yuan